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Lake Turkana

In the remote and arid landscapes of northern Kenya lies an astonishing natural wonder Lake Turkana, the world’s largest desert lake. Stretching 250 km in length, this shimmering body of turquoise water is often called the “Jade Sea” for its striking green-blue colour that glows against the backdrop of endless desert.

A Lake of Extremes

Lake Turkana is no ordinary lake. It is the largest permanent desert lake on Earth and the fourth largest salt-lake in the world. Fed primarily by the Omo River from Ethiopia, its waters are alkaline and inhospitable to many forms of life but they sustain unique fish species, Nile crocodiles and flamingos.

The lake’s ecosystem is fragile yet extraordinary, supporting both wildlife and human communities in one of Africa’s most challenging environments.

Wildlife of Lake Turkana

Despite its desert setting, Lake Turkana is alive with wildlife. The lake holds the largest population of Nile crocodiles in the world alongside hippos, numerous fish species and migratory birds. Flamingos and pelicans gather along its shores while the surrounding deserts are home to oryx, zebras, gazelles and ostriches.

Beyond the shoreline explorers can encounter desert-adapted animals such as gerenuk (the giraffe gazelle) and even lions and cheetahs in the wider Turkana landscape. For bird lovers the lake is recognized as an Important Bird Area with over 350 recorded species.

A Cradle of Humanity

The region around Lake Turkana holds some of the most important archaeological sites in human history. Fossil discoveries here such as the famous Turkana Boy have given scientists invaluable insights into early human evolution. It is no wonder UNESCO declared the lake a World Heritage Site.

Culture Along the Shores

For centuries nomadic communities like the Turkana people have lived along the lake’s edges, herding livestock and fishing its waters. Their traditions, colourful attire and resilience in the desert environment make the region as culturally rich as it is naturally dramatic.

Top Attractions in Turkana

A journey to Lake Turkana is more than just visiting a lake, it is a true expedition. Here are some of the must-see highlights in the region:

• Central Island National Park – A volcanic island in the middle of the lake, home to three crater lakes filled with flamingos, crocodiles and waterbirds.
• South Island National Park – A haven for crocodiles, hippos and hundreds of bird species with stunning landscapes.
• Koobi Fora – One of the world’s most famous archaeological sites where fossils of early humans and extinct animals have been uncovered.
• El Molo Village – Visit Kenya’s smallest and rarest tribe who live traditionally on the lake’s shores.
• Desert Landscapes and Sand Dunes – Explore the Marsabit and Chalbi deserts with their breathtaking scenery and camel caravans.
• Loiyangalani – A cultural hub on the lake’s eastern shore offering insights into the life of Turkana, El Molo, Rendille and Samburu communities.

Why Visit Lake Turkana?

Lake Turkana is a place of extremes, contrasts and unforgettable beauty. From volcanic islands and fossil beds to vibrant tribal cultures it offers adventurers a journey like no other. Though remote and challenging to reach its untouched landscapes and rich heritage make it one of Africa’s most remarkable destinations.